ความรุ่งเรืองและล่มสลายของ FireWire
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IEEE 1394 ของ Apple เร็วกว่า USB ถูกกว่า SCSI แต่สุดท้ายแพ้ทั้งคู่
## 1995: IEEE 1394 / FireWire 400
Apple championed FireWire as the digital replacement for SCSI. At 400 Mbps, it was 50x faster than USB 1.0 and supported hot-plugging. Perfect for DV camcorders, audio interfaces, and external hard drives.
## The iPod Era
The original iPod (2001) used FireWire for syncing — 400 Mbps vs USB 1.1's 12 Mbps meant syncing a full iPod in minutes instead of hours. But Apple would eventually switch to USB 2.0.
## 2003: FireWire 800
Doubled to 800 Mbps with a new 9-pin connector. Pro video and audio studios loved it, but consumer adoption was limited.
## Why FireWire Lost
- **Licensing fees**: $1 per port royalty vs USB's free specification
- **USB 2.0**: "Fast enough" at 480 Mbps and universally adopted
- **USB 3.0**: Leap to 5 Gbps made FireWire 800 obsolete
## Legacy
FireWire lives on in professional audio studios with vintage interfaces. A Thunderbolt-to-FireWire adapter chain can keep these working on modern Macs. Many of FireWire's innovations — isochronous transfer, peer-to-peer — influenced USB and Thunderbolt.