Attenuation

Signal & Data

The gradual loss of signal strength as it travels through a cable, increasing with distance and frequency.

Attenuation is measured in decibels (dB) and is the primary reason cables have maximum length specifications. Copper cables suffer more attenuation at higher frequencies, which is why 40 Gbps USB4 cables are shorter than USB 2.0 cables. Fiber optic cables have far less attenuation, enabling kilometer-scale runs.

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